Monarch butterflies can be found in every continental state in America. Seven states have even named the monarch their “state insect,” according to the Environmental Defense Fund.

That’s good news for those who would like to create a backyard space to attract monarchs as they make their way north or south for their long annual migrations.

The first step is a to do a little research to learn what monarchs and other butterflies are fluttering around your community. Books can provide information, but lepidopterists (people who collect and study butterflies and moths) or butterfly organizations in your area also will have details.

An important component of a butterfly-friendly garden is milkweed. For monarchs, it is the primary part of their caterpillar diet, and it’s the only plant that they lay their eggs on. The eggs become tiny caterpillars, then bright green cocoons and, after a short time, newborn butterflies. (Resist the urge to touch!)

There are many varieties of milkweed and even though farmers or others may see it as an unpleasant weed, its blooms have a lovely fragrance and without it, monarchs may hang around for some nectar, then likely keep moving. Milkweed attracts other types of butterflies and hummingbirds. The plant is also known as butterfly weed or pleurisy root.

Another essential butterfly magnet is nectar from a mix of flowering plants, perennials and annuals. That nectar gives the monarchs a carbohydrate boost to stay the migratory course.

Monarchs like a variety (that means a colorful garden for you) and native plants are best (neighborhood monarchs prefer regional cuisine). In return, butterflies perform a great social service: They pollinate plants.

Local garden clubs or county extension services should be helpful in suggesting  the elements for a successful butterfly garden. Also, nurseries and garden shops in your community may be able to provide the native varieties of milkweed and flowers to make a monarch feel at home. Look to the Internet to buy milkweed seeds from companies like the Natural Fibers Corporation in Illinois or Butterfly Encounters in California. (Be sure to ask about which variety grows best in your plant zone, or check zones on the USDA milkweed webpage.) The Butterfly Farm also sends out seeds, for free, with a donation to the monarch cause.

Providing a drink is easy. Monarchs like to sip the moisture from a wet gravely, sandy or muddy shallow hole in the ground to get extra nutrients they can’t get from flowers. Don’t make the puddle too deep, just a few inches, but remember to keep it moist.

Now you can start watching. They fly best when it’s warm and even hot, and if the temperature is cooler (below about 75 degrees Fahrenheit) they’ll sit on plants to soak up some sun. They will posture or perch as courtship rituals.

There are many Web sites with monarch and general butterfly gardening information. Here are a few:

The North American Butterfly Association, The Butterfly Website (which lists many butterfly societies around the world), Monarch Butterfly Journey North lists butterfly gardening Web sites and climate zone information.

Butterflies and Moths of North America is stuffed full of details on attracting monarchs and creating a butterfly garden, as well as ways to help the monarch cause.

Gardens with Wings is a pretty and colorful guide to bring butterflies into your back yard, complete with a box that you can enter your zip code into for detailed information specific for your part of the country.

Other sites to check out are Monarch Watch (and their “Waystations” page); The Butterfly Site and Monarch Butterfly.  Butterflies and Moths of North America, a part of the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center site, has a searchable database of butterflies and moths of the U.S and Mexico, and it includes dynamic distribution maps, photos, species accounts and checklists.

PHOTO CREDITS:

Top photo: Monarchs on milkweed, photo from Drake University/Save the Monarch

Second photo: Butterfly garden, photo from The Butterfly Site

Last photo: Monarch munching on goldenrod, photo from EnviroZine/Environment Canada

Copyright © 2009 Green Right Now | Distributed by Noofangle Media

BurnOut Organic Weed Killer & Grass Control is a fast working post emergence weed killer. Composed of blended lemon and vinegar juices, and other patented synergistic components, BurnOut works faster and more efficiently than existing weed controls. Simply spray it on and look for wilting in minutes (typical: 20 minutes on dandelion).

BurnOut can be used on walkways, driveways, shrubbery beds and any where else as a post defoliant to control weeds and unwanted grass.

• Kill weeds & grass in gardens and orchards without contaminating food crops.ail
• Safe for use around children and pets.
• Safely enter an area immediately after application & suffer no ill effects.

Available from Yardiac:

24 oz RTU Burnout Grass Killer


1 Gallon Burnout RTU SprayCovers 325 sq.ft.


1 Gallon Burnout ConcentrateCovers 3000 sq.ft.


2.5 Gallon BurnOut Concentrate Covers 6,000 sq.ft.

The Informed Gardener — Linda Chalker-Scott

In this introduction to sustainable landscaping practices, Linda Chalker-Scott addresses the most common myths and misconceptions that plague home gardeners and horticultural professionals. Chalker-Scott offers invaluable advice to gardeners gardeners who have wondered:

• Are native plants the best choice for sustainable landscaping?
• Should you avoid disturbing the root ball when planting?
• Are organic products better or safer than synthetic ones?
• What is the best way to control weeds-fabric or mulch?
• Does giving vitamins to plants stimulate growth?
• Are compost teas effective in controlling diseases?
• When is the best time to water in hot weather?
• If you pay more, do you get a higher-quality plant?
• How can you differentiate good advice from bad advice?

The answers may surprise you. In her more than twenty years as a university researcher and educator in the field of plant physiology, Linda Chalker-Scott has discovered a number of so-called truths that originated in traditional agriculture and that have been applied to urban horticulture, in many cases damaging both plant and environmental health. The Informed Gardener is based on basic and applied research from university faculty and landscape professionals, originally published in peer-reviewed journals.

Burpee : The Complete Vegetable & Herb Gardener : A Guide to Growing Your Garden Organically — Karan Davis Cutler

A Backyard-Gardener’s Guide to Growing a Bountiful, Great-Tasting Harvest

The Complete Vegetable & Herb Gardener features:

• A full-color encyclopedia of over 100 vegetables and herbs with detailed, expert advice on growing them successfully from planting to harvest
• Planting and growing techniques that keep maintenance to a minimum
• Entries on how to grow unusual edibles, such as refreshing mesclun for salads, colorful edible flowers, spicy mustards, and more
• Descriptions and photos of a host of succulent vegetables, both hybrids and heirlooms, from common to exotic
• Complete information on improving even the poorest garden soil using safe, organic techniques, plus practical advice on making compost
• Recommendations on garden tools you need–and those you don’t
• Information on controlling pests and diseases organically, without resorting to poisonous sprays
• Spectacular full-color photographs of vegetables and herbs, food gardens, and edible landscapes, plus 30 black-and-white line drawings

The Organic Gardener’s Handbook of Natural Insect and Disease Control: A Complete Problem-Solving Guide to Keeping Your Garden and Yard Healthy Without Chemicals — Barbara W. Ellis

From Library Journal: An excellent handbook with entries for common fruits, flowering plants, vegetables, and trees. Each listing has information on disease and pest problems and tips on how to solve them without chemicals. Especially useful sections feature photos of garden insects and diseases. (LJ 6/1/92)

The Gardener’s A-Z Guide to Growing Organic Food — Tanya L. K. Denckla

Here is the only single-volume reference that supplies all the information necessary to plant a successful organic food garden. Before it was a book, THE FACT-HUNGRY ORGANIC GARDENER was organic gardener Tanya L. K. Denckla’s private database, the distillation of years of hands-on, real-life, dirt-under-the- fingernails experience in growing her own vegetables, herbs, fruits and nuts. Interest in organic gardening is increasing, and The Fact-Hungry Organic Gardener is the one book that answers all the questions that sprout up among novice, intermediate, and even experienced gardeners.

Plants are arranged in an A-to-Z format that makes it easy to pinpoint the information you need. Each entry provides specific information on planting, watering and fertilizing, when to harvest, how to store the produce – even which plants profit by getting a headstart in a greenhouse.

And fully half of the book is dedicated to organic remedies that can prevent or combat plant diseases and garden pests. Hundreds of common diseases and pests are arranged alphabetically, and each entry explains which plants are likely to be affected and how to recognize the problem, and then offers a variety of well-tested natural remedies.

This is an easy-to-read, authoritative, accessible resource that lets you find answers to questions quickly so you can spend less time skimming gardening books and more time enjoying your garden.

Rodale’s Ultimate Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening: The Indispensable Green Resource for Every Gardener — Fern Marshall Bradley

Rodale’s Ultimate Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening has been the go-to resource for gardeners for more than 50 years—and the best tool novices can buy to start applying organic methods to their fruit and vegetable crops, herbs, trees and shrubs, perennials, annuals, and lawns. This thoroughly revised and updated version highlights new organic pest controls, new fertilizer products, improved gardening techniques, the latest organic soil practices, and new trends in garden design. In this indispensable work readers will find:

• Comprehensive coverage for the entire garden and landscape along with related entries such as Community Gardening, Edible Landscaping, Horticultural Therapy, Stonescaping, and more
• The most in-depth information from the trusted Rodale Organic Gardening brand
• A completely new section on earth-friendly techniques for gardening in a changing climate, covering wise water management, creating backyard habitats, managing invasive plants and insects, reducing energy use and recycling, and understanding biotechnology
• Entries all written by American gardeners for American gardeners, with answers for all the challenges presented by various conditions, from the humid Deep South and the mild maritime coasts to the cold far North and the dry Southwest

Rodale’s Ultimate Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening has everything anyone needs to create gorgeous, non-toxic gardens in any part of the country.

Rodale’s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening — Maria Rodale

Whether an experienced gardener is looking to go organic or a beginner wants to create a healthy, eco-friendly garden, the Rodale’s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Organic Gardening contains the tips and techniques needed to produce beautiful flowers, top-quality herbs, and appetizing, wholesome fruits and vegetables. Explore the latest methods for cultivation without chemicals, discover the benefits of composting, and learn how to maintain an organic garden year-round.

Four-Season Harvest: Organic Vegetables from Your Home Garden All Year Long — Eliot Coleman

From Publishers Weekly: From first sentence to last, Coleman’s book is a delight–an earnest guide written with an impish sense of humor. It will refresh anyone who wants to get the most from a vegetable garden yet doesn’t want to devote too much time and energy to the process. Apparently Coleman thoroughly enjoys every phase of gardening–from planting crops to weeding. Who else has ever suggested, only half in jest, dancing with a hoe? Or keeping a pair of ducks for pest patrol? This is that kind of book.

The Winter Harvest Handbook: Year Round Vegetable Production Using Deep Organic Techniques and Unheated Greenhouses — Eliot Coleman

Choosing locally grown organic food is a sustainable living trend that’s taken hold throughout North America. Celebrated farming expert Eliot Coleman helped start this movement with The New Organic Grower published 20 years ago. He continues to lead the way, pushing the limits of the harvest season while working his world-renowned organic farm in Harborside, Maine.

Now, with his long-awaited new book, The Winter Harvest Handbook, anyone can have access to his hard-won experience. Gardeners and farmers can use the innovative, highly successful methods Coleman describes in this comprehensive handbook to raise crops throughout the coldest of winters.Building on the techniques that hundreds of thousands of farmers and gardeners adopted from The New Organic Grower and Four-Season Harvest, this new book focuses on growing produce of unparalleled freshness and quality in customized unheated or, in some cases, minimally heated, movable plastic greenhouses.Coleman offers clear, concise details on greenhouse construction and maintenance, planting schedules, crop management, harvesting practices, and even marketing methods in this complete, meticulous, and illustrated guide. Readers have access to all the techniques that have proven to produce higher-quality crops on Coleman’s own farm.His painstaking research and experimentation with more than 30 different crops will be valuable to small farmers, homesteaders, and experienced home gardeners who seek to expand their production seasons.A passionate advocate for the revival of small-scale sustainable farming, Coleman provides a practical model for supplying fresh, locally grown produce during the winter season, even in climates where conventional wisdom says it “just can’t be done.”

See all ORGANIC GARDENING titles at Amazon.com

A seed hidden in the heart of an apple is an orchard invisible

– Welsh proverb

The recession-fueled increase in home gardening of vegetables, herbs, fruit and berries is creating another boom: seed sales.

Seven million more households are planning to grow food for themselves this year than in 2008, a 19 percent increase, according to a recent National Gardening Association report. That’s a pretty significant number, given the fact that 31 percent of all American households already garden for food. And it is likely that their 19 percent estimate is growing every day.

Of that 7 million, 21 percent will be gardening newbies, the report says. That translates into a lot of seeds, for a lot of plants, for a lot of people who are buying right now.

Seed sellers are seeing an overwhelming demand. The country’s largest seed retailer, Burpee & Co., has said that sales in January were up 20 percent compared with last year. Another report says that organic seed sales are up 46 percent from 2008.

Burpee’s CEO, George Ball, has been quoted in various publications saying his company is selling out of vegetable seeds . Other large seed retailers say their vegetable seed sales are up anywhere from 40 percent to 80 percent.

Smaller, regional seed sellers, many of whom produce heirloom and organic seeds, also are overwhelmed with demand.

Jim and Megan Gerritsen, owners of 55-acre Wood Prairie Farm in northern Maine, sell  Irish potatoes and many varieties of organic seed potatoes. They’ve been farming organically for 33 years, selling by mail order for 20 years and on the web for about a decade. Jim Gerritson estimates their sales are up 30 percent over last year, but frankly, they’re too busy to study the numbers.

“We’re working seven days a week to keep up with orders,” he said.

Organic and heirloom seed sales have grown by as much as 60 percent in the last two years, estimates Cricket Rakita, a board member for the Organic Seed Growers and Trade Association. Rakita is also working on a Save Our Seed project to create an organic heirloom seed bank for the southeastern states. (So that those tried-and-true varieties that produced some succulent and tasty fruits and veggies are not lost in the march of progress.)

Credit the economic crunch, as well as consumers’ growing desire for natural – and locally produced – food for the increase. “Lots of people are just wanting to grow their own food. It’s a function of the economy. They don’t want to have to worry as much about” the cost and quality of what they eat, Rakita said.

Regionally grown seeds make more sense for gardeners, because every region has its own climate, insects, diseases and other growing factors. The big seed sellers produce seeds that tend to do well in the Midwest, the Northeast and the Northwest, Rakita said, but areas in the South and Southern Midwest are somewhat ignored. “Those varieties were starting to disappear and people were having to plant inferior seeds,” he said. Thus, around 2000, more small seed companies started springing up and the effort to preserve regional seeds gained momentum.

Jeff Moyer waxes eloquent on the power of a single seed. The farm director of the Rodale Institute (a research, educational and outreach organization with its organic roots reaching back to J.I Rodale’s push to grow organic back in the late 1930s), Moyer sees what can grow from a seed.

“As the economy changes, people need therapy, positive therapy,” he said, “and there’s therapy in planting a seed. There’s a sense of renewal that’s very powerful. People need that. . . . There’s a renewing of spirit.”

He emphasized the power of growing food. “If you can only grow one tomato in a flowerpot on the sill, it gives you a personal relationship with that plant. When you harvest your first tomato, you’ll inevitably say it’s the best-tasting tomato you have ever had,” Moyer said. “That starts to force people to ask the right questions at the point of purchase: ‘If I can grow the best tomato in the world, first-time out, why can’t you?’ ”

That single tomato seed can enhance a person’s maturity in relationship with what he eats. They get more involved and interested in how the food they eat was produced. “The power of a seed will do that for you,” he added. “It grows into something more.”

For beginning gardeners, it’s not hard to plant seeds in the ground and sprout them, just giving it 10 minutes a day. Some vegetables, berries and herbs are easier to grow if they’ve already been sprouted at the local garden center or farmer’s market, where buyers can ask about the origins of that transplant to ensure its roots are clean and organic.

The National Gardening Association is all about helping beginning gardeners. “A lot of new gardeners are calling us, asking how to make a raised bed, what they can grow, what’s the easy stuff and how do get started,” said Charlie Nardozzi, the association’s senior horticulturist.

He offered some simple suggestions: don’t over-commit to a big garden at the beginning. Lots of new and urban gardeners can stick to container gardening.”

The hardest part of starting gardening is just that: getting started. “The space can be as small as 3-by-6 feet. Keep it close to the house or a walkway. . . select something you want to eat. Don’t plant lots of beans if you don’t like beans.

Heirloom seeds are a subset of seed sales that can bring history to your garden. Holding onto seeds, trading them with neighbors and family members was common many decades ago. In addition to preserving strains of vegetables with old roots, the food from heirloom seeds is unique. “It’s not the same run-of-the-mill tomato. The flavor, shape, color is different. . . the flavor is better than with brand new seeds,” Nardozzi said.

Saving seeds from generation to generation is a way for a family to find history in a tomato seed, said the Rodale Institute’s Moyer. One group, Seed Savers Exchange, has been helping gardeners to save and share heirloom seeds since 1975. They offer a broad selection of heirloom seeds for purchase, as well as instructions on how to save seeds.

“There are a lot of very positive aspects (of home gardening) and it all starts from the power of a seed. “This economic downturn has pointed out to our generation that when you base your value and your worth solely on your job and money, that can be very temporary. . . . Most people aren’t going to plant a garden to live on, but there is a sense of ‘I can do this on my own, and I can rebuild my life,’ and it comes from gardening. . . and it can literally all start with the power of a few seeds.”

Gerritsen of Wood Prairie Farm says it a little differently: “I think we went off on a tangent on being overly materialistic and focused on money. As people’s pensions and retirement funds have evaporated, they’ve realized there’s something more, something that’s more real.”

There is a spiritual side of planting a seed and watching it grow, he added. “Even if they don’t talk about it, it’s absolutely amazing to plant a seed in the spring and see it come to fruition. There is a lot of empty striving in our society, and in the opposite end you’ve got gardening, good outdoor work. It results in bountiful goodness and is the most fulfilling activity,” Gerritsen said.

“It’s good all around from a societal standpoint. We’re better off as a nation of family farmers.”

OTHER RESOURCES:

A detailed seed resource guide is available on Rakita’s site, along with a healthy list of organic seed dealers.

The Organic Seed Alliance is an advocacy, educational and research organization aimed at preserving and maintaining restore and develop organic seed varieties, as well as keeping these unique genetic resources available for the future.

Another robust outlet for finding a variety of organic seeds is Local Harvest, a non-profit organization that promotes information about local and organically grown food across the country. They have a lengthy list of seeds that can be purchased on their Web site.

Green People is a directory of eco-friendly products, and they have a large selection of organic seed-producing companies on their Web site. The list is broken down by region and state.

PHOTO CREDITS:

Top photo of rack of seeds: © Atman | Dreamstime.com

Photo of hands holding seeds: Great Harvest Organics

Photo of sprouts: Johnny’s Selected Seeds

Bottom photo of pumpkin seeds: © Bayaryasar | Dreamstime.com

Copyright © 2008 Green Right Now | Distributed by Noofangle Media

Organic Gardening For Dummies, 2nd edition, shows readers the way to ensure a healthy harvest from their environmentally friendly garden. It covers information on the newest and safest natural fertilizers and pest control methods, composting, cultivation without chemicals, and how to battle plant diseases. It also has information on updated equipment and resources. It helps readers plant organically year-round, using herbs, fruits, vegetables, lawn care, trees and shrubs, and flowers. The tips and techniques included in Organic Gardening For Dummies, 2nd Edition are intended to reduce a garden’s impact on both the environment and the wallet.

From the Back Cover

Ensure a healthy harvest through environmentally friendly gardening techniques.

Want to grow an organic garden? This guide shows you how. From maintaining your lawn and choosing problem-free plants to growing hearty fruits and vegetables, you’ll discover how to stay organic year-round and reduce your garden’s impact on both the environment and your wallet.

• New to this edition — learn about the latest natural fertilizers, pest control methods, equipment, and gardening resources
• Is organic right for you? — understand the basic concepts of organic gardening and plan a low-maintenance landscape
• It all starts with the soil — test your soil, make compost, and nurture the underground ecosystem that helps your plants thrive
• Deal with pesky pests — from weeds to bugs to diseases, discover the specific control measures and products for organic pest management
• Food, glorious food — grow the freshest, tastiest, and most nutritious fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts

The book includes:

• The benefits of gardening organically
• Hands-on tips for gardeners at all levels
• Color photos of successful organic gardening practices
• Guidance in building and maintaining healthy soil
• An overview of pest-control products
• Inspirational tips for making eco-conscious decisions
• Ways to attract helpful insects and other organisms
• Ten ways to have an eco-friendly landscape

Bioganic products were developed to provide the user with effective alternatives that are safe to children, pets, and wildlife. Bioganic is the result of many years of research into natural pesticides. The active ingredients in these unique, patened formulations are made from plant oils and other ingredients widely used as food and cosmetic additives.

• This product controls both grassy and broad leaf weeds.
• Must be applied thoroughly to the leaves of the weeds to be effective.
• For best results apply this in sunny, warm weather.
• Most effective on weeds less than 4 inches high.

Available from Yardiac:

• Bioganic Spot Weeder 24oz RTU

Mantis 15-Inch Reel Mower with Folding Handle And Grass Catcher #811104

Now you can enjoy the smell of fresh air, the pleasant mechanical sound of the blades cutting the grass, and the ease of pushing a lightweight mower around your yard. Even better, mowing with a Mantis Reel Mower is so quiet you can start mowing early in the day… and you won¿t disturb the neighbors. Your lawn will benefit from reel mowing. Unlike rotary mowers which tear the grass blades, reel mowers shear each blade like a pair of scissors. A sheared cut yields a greener and healthier lawn, and is preferred by lawn care professionals.

Product details:

• 5-Reel Blade Cylinder: Flame-hardened precision-ground steel blades are sharpened to one hundredth of a millimeter for a precise, clean cut! Adjustabel Cutting height from 1/2″ to 1 3/4″
• Non-friction blades offer longer blade life – blades typically only require sharpening once every eight (8) years! Blade Cover: Keeps blade safely guarded away when mowing under shrubs or low-hanging flowers.
• Rear Spoiler Discharge: Reduces flinging or fly away grass cuttings. Ejects grass cuttings to the rear of the mower or directly into grass catcher bag
• Padded Foldable Handle: Comfortable, form rubber, non-slip grip – bars fold for convenient storage or transporting – easily fits in the trunk of a car
• Sealed Ball Bearings For longer life and eliminates need for oiling and mechanical maintenance

Great States 404-16 16-Inch Standard Push Light Reel Lawn Mower With T-Style Handle

At Great States, we’ve applied a century of technology to a good old fashioned idea: the reel lawn mower. Today’s reel mowers are lightweight and easy to maneuver. They’re ideal for today’s smaller lawns, and today’s hectic lifestyles. They’re always ready when you’re ready, and they’re almost maintenance free with no spark plugs to foul or engines to clog up. They’re good to the environment and they’re good to the lawn, snipping the grass for a clean, precise cut. A cut that’s helped us carve our niche as the nation’s largest manufacturer of in-demand, on-demand reel mowers. We’ve spent 100 years of perfecting our reel mower designs, streamlining our production processes and searching for the best possible materials to build the best reel mowers possible. And we’re proud of all that.

Product details:

• 16-inch cutting width
• 10-inch composite wheels with radial tread tires
• Easy height adjust from 1/2-inch to 1-3/4-inch
• Corrosion resistant, zinc-plated handle with plastic grips
• 4 spider, 5 blade ball bearing reel
• Heat treated alloy steel blades and cutter bar

Gardena hand push lawn mower #34023-1

Product details:

• Light weight
• Frictionless cutting edge
• Easy Height adjustment
• Quiet operation
• Easy assembly

The Scotts 18-inch deluxe push reel lawn mower #815-18S has 10″ wheels and radial tread tires. It has a comfortable loop style handle with full length cushioned grip. Adjustable cutting height range from 1/2″ to 2-3/4″ with quick “T” knob adjustable roller assembly. The mower has a 2″ welded shrub bar assembly and unbreakable steel side plates. 5 Blade ball bearing reel assembly, with heat treated tempered alloy steel blades and cutter bar. 2 Year Limited Warranty.

Product details:

• 10-inch durable composite wheels with radial tread tires
• 1/2- to 2-3/4-inch cutting height range
• Metal roller brackets with quick-adjust T-knob
• 18-inch cutting width
• 2-year limited warranty

Sunlawn 16-inch light weight manual push reel mower #LMM40

The LMM series mowers are Sunlawn’s lightest, quietest, easiest to maneuver mowers. The LMM mowers offer the best mowing performance with the least effort; no other manual mower is so well matched to the human power source. This series features the original Sunlawn five blade flame hardened non-contact cutting system that gives long years of full performance without ever requiring sharpening. The Sunlawn LMM series mowers outperform our earlier Luxus models: the larger wheels provide more mechanical advantage (mowing power) and the greater height range (effectively .5 to 2.5 inches) matches more American lawns. We know of no better all around manual mower available.

Product details:

• Weight: 19.3 pounds
• Precision 5 blade contact-free cutting system – flame hardened,bearing mounted blades
• Cutting height .4 – 2.2 inches (10 – 55mm), easily adjustable
• Suitable for all North American grasses
• Expected blade life without sharpening 8 – 10 years